What is causing the “Bookmark not defined” error?
We investigated this particular issue by looking at various user reports and the repair strategies that are commonly deployed in this scenario. Based on what we gathered, there are a couple of different scenarios that will trigger this particular error message: If you’re currently looking for ways to resolve the “Bookmark not defined” error, this article will provide you with several different troubleshooting steps. Down below, you’ll find several different methods that other users in a similar scenario have successfully used to get the issue resolved and convert their .doc files to PDF without encountering the error message. Since the methods below are ordered by efficiency and severity, we encourage you to follow them in the order that they are presented in order to minimize your troubleshooting time.
Method 1: Using the Undo command
If you’re getting this error while trying to use an automated Table of Content (ToC), chances are one or more fields contain a broken link leading to a bookmark. If you see the “Error! Bookmark Not Defined.” immediately after you generate the TOC and you haven’t saved the document yet, you can restore the original text easily by pressing the Ctrl + Z key combination immediately. You can also access the Undo function by using the Ribbon menu at the top of the screen. After the action is reverted, fix the broken bookmark links before trying to convert the document to a PDF file once again. If this method didn’t allow you to circumvent the “Error! Bookmark Not Defined.” issue, move down to the next method below.
Method 2: Replacing the missing bookmarks
If your document doesn’t use the built-in heading styles or you have made relatively new changes that ended up triggering the “Error! Bookmark Not Defined.” error, chances are you will be able to resolve the issue by transforming your Table of Contents into a semi-manual listing and replace the missing bookmarks (or change the references from inside). Here’s a quick guide on how to do this: If you’re still encountering the “Error! Bookmark Not Defined.”, move down to the next method below.+
Method 3: Forcing the Table of Contents to update
If Method 1 & Method 2 has allowed you to identify the broken TOC entries and you manage to fix them, you can restore the automating updating function of the TOC by pressing F9 while the Table of Contents is selected. Several affected users have reported that the TOC has started to update normally after they removed any broken bookmark links and pressed the F9 key. Try doing this and see if you manage to resolve your issue. If the “Error! Bookmark Not Defined.” issue is still occurring, move down to the next method below.
Method 4: Converting the TOC to static text
If your Table of Contents has a lot of broken links and you’re not prepared to fix every entry, a quick fix to the “Error! Bookmark Not Defined.” error is to convert the automated Table of Contents to static text. This will eliminate the error and will let you override the “Error! Bookmark Not Defined.” entries with your own text. To convert the TOC (Table of Contents) to a fully static text, all you need to do is select the TOC and press Ctrl + Shift + F9. After you do this, all your TOC entries will be transformed into static text that you can edit as you see fit.
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